Qa'a ( 1 st Dynasty )
Qa'a is the last king of the first dynasty, although dates are rather wildly different when it comes to this king. There isn't much information about him.
His tomb in Abydos and burials in nearby Saqqara from the same time period. A seal impressions listing all the kings of First Dynasty.
Four large tombs in Saqqara date from his reign, two stelae were discovered for officials in his government, Merka and Sabef, with complex inscriptions.
A number of artifacts were found in the tomb during its many excavations, the lower part of two wooden statues was found in one of these tombs in a set of rooms on the north side.
Qa'a is the last king to be buried with subsidiary burials of attendants and servants.
Predecessor (Semerkhet)
Successor (Hotepsekhemwy)
Monuments (Tomb in Umm el-Qa'ab)
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| Qa'a Tomp |
Hotepsekhemwy was the first king of the Second dynasty of Egypt. His name means (Pleasing in Powers.) Little is known about his reign. Hotepsekhemwy may have become king through marriage to a princess, may even have carried through the late king's funeral. There are several sealing bearing his name outside Qa'a's tomb at Abydos. The king seems to have been buried at Saqqara, deviating from the Abydos custom with former rulers.
Predecessor (Qa`a)
Successor (Raneb)
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| Hotepsekhemwy |
Raneb ( 2 nd Dynasty )
There is little information about Raneb, Manetho recorded that Raneb (Ra is Lord) reigned for 39 years, his reign is important because of its chronological position during the Egyptian empire's formative years. Raneb was Hotepsekhemwy's son, or perhaps his brother.
Also many modern scholars believe that his reign was much shorter, lasting between ten and nineteen years years. In fact, some scholars seem to believe that Raneb's reign and that of his predecessor, Hotepsekhemwy, should together be 38 or 39 years, with both therefore having shorter reigns then provided by Manetho.
He is one of the first kings to incorporate the sun god's name, Re, into his own name, a tradition that will be followed by most of the pharaohs in Egypt. he started a number of cults to different gods, including worship of Mendes, Menvis, and a cult to the sacred goat in the delta.
Predecessor (Hotepsekhemwy)
Successor (Nynetjer)
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| Raneb Stela Metropolitan Museum |
Nynetjer ( 2 nd Dynasty )
Nynetjer was the third king of the second dynasty, the capital (Memphis). He ruled ancient Egypt for almost 40 years and he was famous for his festivals and marvelous temples.
Traces of Nynetjer are found with mud sealing at Saqqara. It is suggested that an underground gallery here was his tomb.
The end of his reign seems to have been marked by poor harvests, internal tension, and possibly even civil war. His name has been found on inscriptions from a number of mastaba tombs in Saqqara, Giza, Helwan and Abydos.
Predecessor (Raneb)
Successor (Senedj)
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| Nynetjer |
Senedj ( 2 nd Dynasty )
Senedj was a king during the Second Dynasty of Egypt who ruled for 20 years.
When pharaoh Senedj was in power Egypt was probably divided once again into its southern and northern parts, with him as the king in Lower Egypt from the capital Memphis.
Manetho gives him a reign of 41 years and calls him Sethenes. If that name has something to do with the god Seth we don't know, but Egyptian records refer to him as Senedj. His tomb has not as yet been identified.
Predecessor (Nynetjer)
Successor (Seth-Peribsen)
Seth - Peribsen ( 2 nd Dynasty )
Seth-Peribsen was a king during the Second dynasty of Egypt who ruled for seventeen years, he was buried in Umm el-Qa'ab in Abydos.
His burial stelae (in the British Museum) show a Seth-creature rather than the more common Horus, and this might reveal that the king did not rule over the whole area of Egypt.
Predecessor (Senedj)
Successor (Sekhemib-Perenmaat)
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| Seth-Peribsen |
Sekhemi - Perenmaat ( 2 nd Dynasty )
Sekhemib-Perenmaat pharaoh of the Egyptian second dynasty,was a separate king who ruled Lower Egypt at the same time that Peribsen ruled Upper Egypt.
Predecessor ( Seth-Peribsen )
Successor (Khasekhemwy)
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| Sekhemib-Perenmaat |
Khasekhemwy ( 2 nd Dynasty )
Khasekhemwy (his name means "The Two Powerful Ones Appear") was the fifth and final king of the Second dynasty of Egypt. Little is known of Khasekhemwy, other than that he led several significant military campaigns and built several monuments.
Predecessor (Sekhemib-Perenmaat)
Successor (Sanakhte)
Children (Djoser,Hetephernebti,Sanakhte)
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| Khasekhemwy statue cairo museum |
Sanakhte ( 3 rd Dynasty )
Sanakhte also known as (Nebka) was the first king of the third dynasty, his name meaning (Strong protection), ruling from 2686 to 2667 B.C., about 19 years. Sanakhte became king by marrying a daughter of Khasekhemwy. There is a mastaba at Abydos in which fragments with his name have been found. This is also possibly his grave.
Sanakhte also known as (Nebka) was the first king of the third dynasty, his name meaning (Strong protection), ruling from 2686 to 2667 B.C., about 19 years. Sanakhte became king by marrying a daughter of Khasekhemwy. There is a mastaba at Abydos in which fragments with his name have been found. This is also possibly his grave.
Reign from 2686 to 2667 BC 3rd Dynasty
Predecessor (Khasekhemwy)
Successor (Djoser)
Sanakhte
Djoser
Djoser pharaoh the second king of the Third dynasty of Egypt. Djoser ruled Egypt for twenty nine years. Djoser was also known as Netjerikhet, meaning (body of the gods). Statue of Djoser, now in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, is the oldest known statue. Djoser is known as the king who commissioned the building of the Step Pyramid at Saqqara and the temple complex surrounding it. This is the first building made of stone. Architect who planned and constructed the first stone buildings in the world (Imhotep).
The Pyramid of Djoser, or step pyramid in the Saqqara necropolis. It was built for the burial of Pharaoh Djoser by his vizier Imhotep.
The step pyramid consisted of six mastabas. 62 meters tall. The base about 109 meters X 125 meters.
Predecessor (Sanakhte)
Successor (Sekhmekhet)
Father (Khasekhemwy)
Mother (Nimaethap)
Monuments (Pyramid of Djoser)
King Djoser. Egyptian museum. Cairo
King Djoser. Egyptian museum. Cairo
Reign from 2686 to 2667 BC 3rd Dynasty
Predecessor (Khasekhemwy)
Successor (Djoser)
Sanakhte
Predecessor (Sanakhte)
Successor (Sekhmekhet)
Father (Khasekhemwy)
Mother (Nimaethap)
Monuments (Pyramid of Djoser)
King Djoser. Egyptian museum. Cairo
